‘长林’系列油茶良种的品种配置优化

中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所国家油茶科学中心,浙江杭州 311400

油茶;‘长林’品种;品种配置;授粉;脂肪酸

Optimization of ‘Changlin’ varieties collocation for Camellia oleifera
CAO Yongqing, YAO Xiaohua, LIN Ping, REN Huadong, WANG Kailiang

Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, National Center for Oil-tea Camellia Science and Technology, CAF, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China

Camellia oleifera; ‘Changlin’ varieties; varieties collocation; cross pollination; fatty acid

DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2017.09.002

备注

为了明确长林系列油茶品种的最佳配置组合,以 5~ 8年生 10个长林系列良种为研究对象,设计 49个配置组合并进行人工控制授粉,对当代杂交果实的座果率、种实特征、种仁含油率以及油脂油酸含量进行了分析。结果 表明:不同授粉组合对座果率、果实重量、鲜出籽率、籽粒数、单籽粒重和种仁含油率影响显著,对种子脂肪酸油酸含量无显著影响;油茶授粉座果率与果实重量、籽粒数存在明显的正相关关系,果实籽粒数和单籽粒重则呈现出明显的负相关关系;通过对品种间控制授粉的座果率、种实特征以及种仁含油率的综合评价,优化筛选出长林系列油茶良种的最佳品种配置组合 6个,即长林 21号和长林 4号、长林 21号和长林 18号、长林 53号和长林 40号、长林 53号和长林 23号、长林 53号和长林 166号、长林 3号和长林 27号。

In order to clarify the best collocation of ‘Changlin’ oil-tea camellia varieties, five to eight years old oil-tea camellia trees from ten ‘Changlin’ varieties were selected to carry out cross pollination test involved forty-nine combinations and the effect of different combinations on fruit set, seed and fruit characteristics, oil and oleic acid content was analyzed. The result showed that the fruit set, fruit weight, seed ratio, seed number per fruit, seed size and oil content in kernel were significantly influenced by different combinations, while no significant effect on oleic acid content was found. The fruit weight and seed number were positive correlation to the fruit set ratio apparently and a negative correlativity was found between seed number and single seed weight. The following six collocations were screened by comprehensive evaluation of fruit set, seed and fruit characteristics and oil content. They were ‘Changlin 21’and‘Changlin 4’,‘Changlin 21’and‘Changlin 18’,‘Changlin 53’and‘Changlin 40’,‘Changlin 53’and‘Changlin 23’, ‘Changlin 53’ and ‘Changlin 166’, ‘Changlin 3’ and ‘Changlin 27’.