沉水植物在富营养化水体原位生态修复中的功能

(中南林业科技大学 a.生命科学与技术学院,b. 环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙 410004)

富营养化水体;沉水植物;原位生态修复;抑藻

Functions of submerged macrophytes in in-situ ecological restoration of eutrophic waters
ZHANG Zhihaoa, WU Xiaofub, LI Weib

(a. College of Life Science and Technology; b. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China)

eutrophic water; submerged macrophytes; in-situ ecological restoration; inhibition of algae growth

DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2018.03.019

备注

将沉水植物应用于富营养化水体的原位生态修复技术是一种低能耗、高效率、易管理、且具有良好景观价值的新方法,而基于工程应用的沉水植物功能研究却鲜见报道。为对比研究 6种沉水植物的耐污与去污抑藻能力,本研究将苦草 Vallisneria natans、金鱼藻 Ceratophyllum demersum、轮叶黑藻 Hydrilla verticillata、狐尾藻 Myriophyllum verticillatum、伊乐藻 Elodea Canadensis和菹草 Potamogeton crispus种植于富营养化水体中。通过测定植物生物量、株高、根系长度与数量、耐性生理酶指标(脯氨酸、 MDA)和检测种植水 TN、TP、COD、 SS、NH3-N和叶绿素 a等污染指标,结果表明:苦草、黑藻、狐尾藻和金鱼藻在污水中生长状态良好,耐污与去污能力较强,抑制水体中浮游藻类效应最为明显且稳定,在富营养化水体原位生态修复中具有良好的应用前景。

In order to evaluate their capabilities to tolerate and remove pollutants, six submerged macrophyte species (Myriophyllum verticillatum, Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton crispus, and Elodea Canadensis) were planted in different treatment tanks containing sewage polluted water. Both plant and water samples were analyzed to compare the differences among the treatments in plant height and biomass, root length and number, physiological enzyme indexes of tolerance (proline and MDA), and relevant water quality indexes (TN , TP, SS, NH3-N and chlorophyll a). The obtained results indicated that among the tested species, Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, Myriophyllum verticillatum and Ceratophyllum demersum performed much better under the polluted conditions. Accounted for by their high growth rates, strong tolerant capabilities, high and stable water purification efficiencies and significant algae growth inhibition effects, the four submerged macrophyte species can be applied for in-situ ecological restoration of waters undergoing eutrophication processes.